Quote Of The Year

Timeless Quotes - Sadly The Late Paul Shetler - "Its not Your Health Record it's a Government Record Of Your Health Information"

or

H. L. Mencken - "For every complex problem there is an answer that is clear, simple, and wrong."

Saturday, August 20, 2016

Weekly Overseas Health IT Links – 20th August, 2016.

Note: Each link is followed by a title and few paragraphs. For the full article click on the link above title of the article. Note also that full access to some links may require site registration or subscription payment.
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VA seeks information on EHR replacement for VistA

Published August 12 2016, 7:04am EDT
The Department of Veterans Affairs has issued a request for information seeking industry feedback on how the VA might transition from its legacy electronic health record system to a commercial EHR.
While it continues to modernize the decades-old Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture (VistA) system, the VA is having second thoughts about whether the legacy EHR is able to meet its needs going forward.
“Over the years and due to local customization, there are few standard data elements, a variety of complex algorithms and heterogeneous mix of legacy hardware and software supporting 130 unique VistA instances across the VA enterprise, making modernization and standardization efforts extremely complicated, expensive and time consuming,” states the VA’s request for information.
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Automated detection tools reduce adverse drug events, curb alert fatigue

Aug 12, 2016 10:05am
Automated electronic detection tools can help providers to reduce medication errors and improve patient safety, according to a new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association.
The researchers, from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and elsewhere, note that such programs have proven successful in the past, but wanted to see if they could use electronic health records to create an algorithm that would automatically detect overdoses and adverse drug events, as well as lessen the number of medication alerts.
Fatigue from too many alerts and alarms, FierceHealthIT has previously reported, is a pressing problem at hospitals today.
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Brain-robot training triggers improvement in paralysis

  • 11 August 2016
In a surprise result, eight paraplegic people have regained some sensation and movement after a one-year training programme that was supposed to teach them to walk inside a robotic exoskeleton.
The regime included controlling the legs of a virtual avatar via a skull cap, and learning to manipulate the exoskeleton in the same way.
Researchers believe the treatment is reawakening the brain's control over surviving nerves in the spine.
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Employer Health Plans May be 100% Telemedicine-enabled by 2020

Gregory A. Freeman, August 10, 2016

The great appeal of telemedicine is that it comes at a lower cost than other care access points, and payers have exhausted other cost efficiencies on the front end.

Having squeezed all they can out of health plan design, employers are now pinning their hopes on telemedicine as the way to bring down their health insurance costs.
Telemedicine is growing rapidly and within a few years will be a routine part of healthcare plans offered by employers, according to the president and CEO of the National Business Group on Health (NBGH), a non-profit association of 425 large employers.
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Half a billion images migrated at Oxford acute trust

Laura Stevens
8 August 2016
One of the largest data migrations in the UK has been successfully undertaken at the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, as part of a move to a new digital imaging system.
More than 100 terabytes of historical data was transferred by Insignia Medical Systems ahead of the trust’s go-live with the company’s InSight picture and archiving communications system. The PACS went live 10 July, four months after the start of the migration.
The move to Insignia’s PACS will also give the trust the opportunity to share images with neighbouring trusts, support home reporting and merge images from other departments.
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Attorneys outline next steps for closing healthcare privacy gaps

Aug 11, 2016 9:32am
The United States must answer three important questions as it moves forward to protect patient data, according to attorneys with the healthcare group at law firm Crowell & Moring.
In a report published by Bloomberg BNA, Jodi Daniel, Elliot Golding and Jennifer Williams address the next steps necessary for following up a recent report from the Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT outlined gaps between HIPAA protections and mHealth technologies
Questions that must be asked, they say, include:
  • Why develop standards and requirements?
  • What should those standards be and who should develop them?
  • How should organizations be held accountable?
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Data theft rises sharply, insiders to blame

A new study suggests many data breaches are caused by insider threats -- whether through malice or accident.
By Charlie Osborne for Zero Day | August 10, 2016 -- 08:03 GMT (18:03 AEST) | Topic: Security
A new survey exploring the main causes of corporate data breaches suggests that three out of four organizations in the US have been hit with the loss or theft of sensitive data in the last two years -- and insiders are usually the ones at fault.
According to the researchers involved in the study, rising data breach and information loss is often due in part to compromised employee accounts, which is further exacerbated by staff and third parties having access to more sensitive information than they need.
In addition, the "continued failure" by businesses to properly monitor access and activity around email and file systems is to blame.
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DeSalvo to step down from top position at ONC

Published August 11 2016, 3:35pm EDT
Karen DeSalvo, national coordinator for health information technology, will be leaving her technology office position, to be replaced by Vindell Washington, MD, currently serving as the principal deputy national coordinator at ONC.
Sylvia Burwell, secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, made the announcement today, indicating that the transition of responsibilities would begin on Friday, August 12.
DeSalvo, who has filled the lead role for two and a half years, will continue to serve as acting assistant secretary for health. Named to that position in late 2014, industry observers long expected that she would gravitate toward the HHS post.
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Karen DeSalvo through the years: A look back at her ONC tenure

DeSalvo made her way from New Orleans to Washington and while serving as National Coordinator, she realigned ONC and delivered visionary strategic plans for interoperability and health IT, before President Obama nominated her to a key HHS post.
August 12, 2016 11:24 AM
When Karen DeSalvo, MD, became the fifth National Coordinator for Health IT in January 2014, she took charge of ONC at a critical time for the industry, as four years of momentum spurred by meaningful use started to pay exciting dividends – but also sowed frustrations as many healthcare providers struggled with burdensome federal requirements.
She also had some big shoes to fill. Her two immediate predecessors,  David Blumenthal, MD, and Farzad Mostashari, MD, had helped conceive and implement Stage 1 and Stage 2, respectively, of the transformative EHR incentive programs – setting the stage for widespread uptake of basic IT systems, then dramatically raising expectations about how hospitals and practices should put them to work.
But DeSalvo was the right person for the job, at the right time. Her public health bona fides – honed in her hometown of New Orleans, first in the wake of Hurricane Katrina as Vice Dean Community Affairs and Health Policy at Tulane University and later as New Orleans Health Commissioner – made her the ideal national coordinator for a period that saw the building blocks of basic EHRs mature into interoperable networks focused on improved population health.
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Geisinger, KeyHIE bolster clinician productivity an hour a day with patient alerts

In conjunction with the Keystone Health Information Exchange, Geisinger Health System sends clinicians push HL7 ORU messages in a population health management program to identify at-risk patients and reduce readmissions.
August 10, 2016 07:48 AM
Kim Chaundy, an IT director at Gesinger and director of operations at Keystone Health Information Exchange, said that sending real-time notifications prevented nurses from traveling to see patients who where not there. 
The Keystone Health Information Exchange, also known as KeyHIE, a collaborative HIE that includes Geisinger Health System, employs what it calls the Information Delivery Service “push” messaging technology designed to enable proactive care with real-time delivery of alerts, notifications and critical patient information to clinicians and care managers across the community.
The Information Delivery Service’s centralized aggregation technology brings all of a patient’s data into a single record. The system identifies chronically ill and at-risk patients and consolidates a community’s health data in one place to help care managers and accountable care organizations manage diverse population groups. And clinicians can customize their subscriptions to important alerts, notifications and patient information updates.
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On paper, IT contingency plans a must for hospitals

Aug 10, 2016 10:40am
As part of its contingency plan for IT emergencies, Boston Children's Hospital has developed what it calls a "downtime cart," according to an article published in Bloomberg BNA.
The cart, the article notes, contains all the paper forms and instructions doctors and nurses need to do their jobs should computer systems fail, whether for a power outage or a cybersecurity incident. The number of employees who don’t know how to fulfill their functions without electronic systems was an eye-opener for MedStar Health, which took all systems down for about five days earlier this year due to a ransomware attack.
A ransomware attack at Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center also left staffers working with paper and faxes for more than a week.
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Health IT costs top $32K per doctor per year

Aug 10, 2016 11:21am
High tech means high costs for physician practices.
Keeping up in the digital age is proving to be a continuing expense for physician practices, with the cost of health information technology reaching more than $32,500 per doctor annually, according to a new analysis from the Medical Group Management Association.
That figure reflects a continued rise in costs, as physician-owned multi-specialty practices spent more than $32,500 in 2015 for each full-time doctor on health IT equipment, staff, maintenance and other related costs, the MGMA said in an announcement.
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Health IT Standard FHIR Ready to Advance Interoperability

By Kyle Murphy, PhD on August 09, 2016

FHIR is a draft health IT standard and API, but that doesn't mean it's not ready for primetime.

Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) remains a draft standard and application programming interface, but that status doesn't mean this health IT resource is not ready for the big time, according to the head of Health Level Seven (HL7) International.
"There's this tension between making FHIR, which is not a normative standard identified in regulation and predicated for use, and a recognition that FHIR is evolving very, very quickly — sometimes nightly — and getting better with each iteration," HL7 CEO Charles Jaffe, MD, PhD, told HealthITInteroperability.com.
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August 8, 2016

Lessons learned from EHR-related medical malpractice cases

Richard L. Oken, M.D., FAAP
The physician’s pen has been replaced by the electronic health record (EHR) resulting in improved medical record documentation and legibility. The EHR also has been heralded as the best tool to help physicians achieve the triple aim of better care, better population health and lower health care costs per capita. However, malpractice insurers report that EHRs can be a source of medical liability.
A national medical liability insurer’s recent review of EHR-related malpractice claims revealed that 42% were derived from system errors and 64% were from user factors (see table).
Becoming aware of and preventing potential and real risks of EHR errors is the best policy.
The following factors can play a role in EHR liability.
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'DarkOverLord' ransomware accounts for nearly 30 percent of health data breaches in July

Among the breaches revealed last month, the average time to report incidents was a surprising two years.
August 09, 2016 02:27 PM
Cybercriminals launching ransomware attacks – and one hacker in particular known as TheDarkOverLord – represented nearly 30 percent of the 39 data breaches in July. The average time an attack went unreported, meanwhile, was a whopping two years.
That’s according to the July Breach Barometer from Databreaches.net and security specialist Protenus.  
Protenus CEO Robert Lord said that the amount and variety of attacks hackers perpetrate against healthcare organizations suggest that July’s findings may persist into the foreseeable future. 
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OSU Center for Health Systems Innovation launches new Center for Predictive Medicine

Posted: Tuesday, August 9, 2016 12:01 am
Oklahoma State University’s Center for Health Systems Innovation announced the launch of its Center for Predictive Medicine on Tuesday.
The center will use the largest clinical database in the country to develop and implement information-technology tools designed to improve patient care.
The HIPAA-compliant health-care database, which documents the clinical information of 63 million patients, was donated to OSU in 2014 by Cerner Corp. founder Neal Patterson.
The data comes from more than 850 facilities across the United States and includes more than 75 million clinical event encounters collected over the last 16 years.
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OpenNotes hits 10 million patient milestone

OpenNotes Executive Director Catherine DesRoches said the growing number of patients able to access their medical records online is advancing the shift toward transparency between doctors and patients.  
August 08, 2016 03:15 PM
Ten million U.S. healthcare consumers now can read their medical records securely online through efforts by the OpenNotes initiative.
OpenNotes advocates for a fully transparent record, including the notes physicians, nurses and other clinicians write after a visit. The Department of Veterans Affairs and 50 health systems in 35 states now share notes online using secure patient portals, and OpenNotes is actively working with healthcare organizations moving toward implementation in a majority of the remaining 15 states.
“The results of the OpenNotes study involving 105 primary care doctors and 20,000 of their patients were shared in the Annals of Internal Medicine in 2012 – just four years later, we’re seeing the culture shift toward transparency in the patient and provider relationship really take hold, and we’re beginning to understand the benefits that openness brings to everyone in the healthcare delivery system,” said Catherine DesRoches, DrPH, OpenNotes executive director and a caregiver at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
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HIT Think Why providers can’t let up on security training

Published August 08 2016, 3:39pm EDT
Peter Singer, director of the Brookings Institution’s Center for 21st Century Security and Intelligence and co-author of the book “Cybersecurity and Cyberwar: What Everyone Needs to Know,” was quoted in Fortune as saying “Stop looking for others to solve it for you, stop looking for silver bullet solutions and stop ignoring it.”
The “it” healthcare management professionals must address is cybersecurity; the art and science of proactively and reactively protecting your hospital’s data, especially patient health information (PHI).
There’s a saying in IT security circles about how organizations acknowledge the ever-present threat of unauthorized intrusions into their information infrastructures. Basically, it notes at least 95 percent of public and private sector entities admit to have been hacked, while the other 5 percent are liars. Singer suggests 97 percent of all such institutions have been attacked and the remaining 3 percent don’t know it.
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Study: Continuous Patient Monitoring Could Save Healthcare $15B

Continuous contact-free patient monitoring can save the US healthcare system up to $15 billion annually, according to peer-reviewed paper published in Critical Care Medicine.  Conducted by researchers from Harvard School of Medicine, and a new Frost & Sullivan report, Finding Top-Line Opportunities in a Bottom-Line Healthcare Market, each hospital bed monitored with EarlySense enables hospitals to achieve a cost savings of approximately $19,940.
The cited cost savings are attributed to clinical outcome improvements published by hospitals implementing EarlySense. The technology has been proven to assist clinicians in earlier detection of patient deterioration, helping to reduce patient length of stay, minimizing ICU utilization, reducing falls and pressure ulcers, and avoiding cardiac and respiratory arrests.
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OpenNotes' benefits extend to care partners

Aug 8, 2016 10:07am
The ability to view doctors’ notes electronically benefits not only the patients, but their care partners as well, according to research published in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association.
Geisinger Health System surveyed adults before and after 12 months of exposure to OpenNotes, a service to allow patients to see all clinician notes from their care visits. That transparency was found to improve the doctor-patient relationship in previous research.
Geisinger’s portal, MyGeisinger, allows patients to designate care partners who also can view medical records. The health system polled 323 patients and 389 care partners in a baseline survey and 184 patients and 252 care partners again at 12 months.
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IBM Watson, in minutes, solves patient care problem that stumped doctors for months

Aug 9, 2016 10:07am
Doctors in Japan were perplexed for months over the case of a woman with leukemia who did not take to any of the treatments prescribed to her--then IBM’s Watson took over and solved the mystery in minutes.
The artificial intelligence system was able to conclude that the patient did not have the form of leukemia with which she initially was diagnosed, a form that required a different course of treatment, according to an article at the International Business Times.
The solution was discovered by the machine after it analyzed the patient’s medical information and cross-referenced it with millions of oncological records that doctors uploaded to its system from the University of Tokyo's Institute of Medical Science.
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IBM Watson pinpoints rare form of leukemia after doctors misdiagnosed patient

The supercomputer identified a different type of cancer than the one doctors were currently treating for a patient in Japan.
August 08, 2016 10:58 AM
University of Tokyo doctors report that IBM Watson spotted a 60-year-old woman's rare form of leukemia – a diagnosis that had eluded her doctors for months.
Physicians had judged the woman’s leukemia to be another type, and were treating her accordingly, but having little effect.
Watson compared the patient's genetic changes with a database of 20 million cancer research papers, according to reports. The supercomputer’s diagnosis led to the right treatment for the patient.
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Patient eReferrals produce few adverse outcomes

Published August 08 2016, 6:48am EDT
An electronic referral and consultation system at Zuckerberg San Francisco General has been shown to improve communication between referring and specialty providers, replacing an inefficient paper-based approach.
According to a study published in the August issue of The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, the infrastructure of specialty referral systems in primary care is “deeply flawed” and paper referral syste “unreliable, wait times can be long, and information flow is limited.” As a result, its authors assert that there is the potential for “safety problems leading to missed and delayed diagnoses.”
However, a web-based referral and consultation system—called eReferral—has been integrated into Zuckerberg San Francisco General’s electronic health record system enabling referring providers to enter relevant clinical information via an online interface, ensuring that referrals do not fall through the cracks and are optimized.
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First patient facing app to get GP system approval

Ben Heather
1 August 2016
The first patient facing app is expected to get approval to integrate with a GP primary system this week, after years of development.
PAERs’ is one of three patient facing subsidiary suppliers, along with iPlato and Wiggly Amp, that has been going through the long and sometimes arduous process of pairing with primary systems.
Brian Fisher, co-director of PAERs, said the company’s iPatient product was being piloted in five GP practices using the Emis Health primary system and he expects to get approval for full roll-out across every Emis GP site in the country imminently.
“It has taken an unbelievably long time but we think what we have to offer is going to change how we do health care,” he said.
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Campaigners fear care.data plans still live

Ben Heather
4 August 2016
Parts of the controversial care.data programme could live on but with fewer options for patients to opt-out, MedConfidential has warned.
Last month the government “closed” the care.data national data collection and sharing programme. The decision was made public on the same day the National Data Guardian, Dame Fiona Caldicott’s report on data security, consent and opt-outs was released.
But Phil Booth, co-founder of privacy campaign group medConfidential, said many recommendations in the report would see the care.data programme continue in another guise; with the extraction of a new GP dataset set to go ahead.
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Digital health 'not reaching' seniors

Aug 3, 2016 11:26am
Patients over the age of 65 are often the sickest and most expensive to treat--yet despite the advantages health IT holds for them, the number adopting digital health tools remains low, according to a research letter published in the Journal of the Medical Association.
The research is based on the National Health and Aging Trends Study, which asked 4,355 seniors about their use of technology yearly from 2011 to 2014.
Although 76 percent of the respondents used cellphones and 64 percent used computers in 2011, only 16 percent obtained health information online. In addition, far fewer used digital health tools to fill prescriptions (8 percent), contact clinicians (7 percent) and handle insurance claims (5 percent).
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Provider Directory Data Accuracy in CA Law's Crosshairs

Scott Mace, August 9, 2016

Inaccurate provider directories are a hurdle to consumers seeking healthcare, but a California law is pushing providers and technology professionals to make improvements.

Consumer frustration with inadequate provider directories may finally be getting the attention it deserves.
At next month's innovation-focused Health 2.0 conference, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and ProPublica will announce the $50,000 first-prize winner of their Finding the Right Provider Challenge.
The winner will demonstrate a tool letting consumers experience searching for and finding the right provider, considering factors such as cost, hours and location, participation with insurance plans, and feedback from other consumers.
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Hospital eases patient navigation with software

Published July 29 2016, 3:21pm EDT
Here is Health Data Management’s weekly roundup of health information technology contracts and implementations:
* Mission Hospital in Mission Viejo, Calif., will implement navigation software that enables patients to use their smartphone to find their way through the 509-bed facility, and find the best parking location based on where they are going. Mission Hospital is the pilot site, and over time the software from Connexient will be rolled out at its Laguna Beach campus. The software gives turn-by-turn indoor navigation with position accuracy of one to two meters, along with navigation cues and visual landmarks.
* Covenant Health serving eastern Tennessee has chosen electronic health records, financial management and population health management software from Cerner across its 10 hospitals and nearly 100 ambulatory sites. The vendor’s predictable total cost of ownership was a factor in the decision, according to Jim Vandersteeg, president and CEO at Covenant Health. Cerner will host the software at its data center.
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Patients suffering from schizophrenia utilize mHealth program

by Judy Mottl 
Aug 1, 2016 12:44pm
A mobile phone intervention program can prove useful for patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders by engaging them during high-risk periods--though further study is needed to assess the tool's impact on reducing relapse outcomes.
A research study published at the Journal of Medical Internet Research Mental Health shows that the program, FOCUS, provides automated real-time and real-place illness management support and is built for patients dealing with psychotic disorders.
Looking also at a research report on FOCUS from 2014, the researchers said the findings show that "the FOCUS mobile phone program may be a useful method to reach a clinical population that is typically difficult to engage in clinic-based services during high-risk periods. The system-initiated mHealth functions led to proportionally more exposure to treatment content than on-demand tools."
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Why a health IT safety center is vital in the age of ransomware

Aug 1, 2016 10:51am
The rise in ransomware underscores the need for a national health IT safety center to help healthcare organizations learn to better protect themselves, say patient-safety advocates Dean Sittig and Hardeep Singh in a Health Affairs Blog post.
The Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT created a five-year plan for such a center and made a $5 million request in the 2017 budget for it. And the American Medical Association voted at its annual meeting to support that plan.
Such a center could dispatch teams in health IT, cybersecurity, clinical informatics and patient safety to sites to determine how ransomware attacks took place and create best practices for mitigating future attacks, Sittig and Singh say. It also could help develop and disseminate information on strategies to reduce risk proactively, and work with institutional and government leaders to ensure these strategies are used to their fullest impact.
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Glaxo, Alphabet Form Venture to Make Bioelectronic Medicines

August 1, 2016 — 4:37 PM AEST Updated on August 1, 2016 — 7:01 PM AEST
  • Companies to invest 540 million pounds over seven years
  • Bioelectronics could be used to treat arthritis, diabetes
GlaxoSmithKline Plc, the U.K.’s biggest drugmaker, is forming a joint venture with Google parent Alphabet Inc.’s life-sciences business to explore using electrical signals to treat diseases.
Glaxo will hold a 55 percent stake in the venture, called Galvani Bioelectronics, and Alphabet’s Verily Life Sciences LLC will hold 45 percent, according to a statement on Monday. The companies will invest up to 540 million pounds ($715 million) over seven years if the research and development efforts meet certain goals.
Glaxo is seeking new sources of revenue growth as its blockbuster respiratory treatment Advair faces the threat of competition from generics in the U.S. Bioelectronic medicine is a new field that aims to tackle chronic diseases using miniature, implanted devices that modify electrical signals that pass along nerves in the body. Glaxo’s researchers are betting conditions like arthritis, diabetes and asthma could be treated using these devices, and the first such medicine may be ready within a decade.
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Do no harm: an oath for health IT developers

The risks for enterprises when security in health IT lags behind

CSO | Aug 1, 2016 6:30 AM PT
As health professionals, nurses, doctors, and even pharmacists are held to a high standard of making sure everything they do is above board. They can lose license for failing to comply with ethical guidelines. Even though software engineers in health IT have a far greater reaching impact on patients, no equivalent code of conduct exists for developers.
The National Institute of Health (NIH) recently granted the Mayo Clinic $142-million to create a biobank as part of the Precision Medicine Initiative Cohort Program. Aiming to enroll at least a million volunteers willing to share their health data in order to advance precision medicine, the program serves as a reminder of the security risks is health IT yet security in the health care sector continues to lag behind.
Collecting health data is moving fast, which begs the question should health IT programmers working on similar projects be held to the same ethical standards as doctors and other medical professionals? 
In order to prioritize security in health IT, programmers  should be required to take the Hippocratic oath just as health professionals do, especially as more biobanks are created.
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Artificial Intelligence’s Long-Term Impact on Jobs: Some Lessons From History

By Irving Wladawsky-Berger
Jul 29, 2016 10:14 am ET
Artificial intelligence has been making extraordinary progress in the past few years. It’s ironic that after years of frustration with AI’s missed promises, many now worry that its mighty power is now upon us while we still don’t know how to properly deploy it. Some fear that at some future time, a sentientsuperintelligent general AI might pose an existential threat to humanity.But while being dismissive of such dire concerns, many experts worry that the real threat is that AI advances could lead to widespread economic dislocation.
What impact will AI have on jobs? Could our smart machines lead to mass unemployment? What will life be like in such an AI future?  “After 200 years, the machinery question is back. It needs to be answered,” notes The Economist in a special report on AI in the June 25 issue. What can we learn from history that will help us better respond to AI’s technological advances?
People have long worried about the impact of technology on society, be it railroads, electricity, and cars in the Industrial Age, or the internetmobile devices and smart connected products now permeating just about all aspect of our lives. The Economist reminds us that these worries have been with us ever since the advent of industrialization two centuries ago. Eminent English economist David Ricardo first raised the machinery question in 1821, that is, the “opinion entertained by the labouring class, that the employment of machinery is frequently detrimental to their interests”.
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Enjoy!
David.

Friday, August 19, 2016

Enrico Coiera Blogs On Pokémon and Health. A Fun Read.

This appeared a while ago:

#GottaCureEmAll – Pokemon GO teaches healthcare a big lesson

August 1, 2016
If we can believe what we are seeing, Pokemon GO is the world’s most effective, and most widespread, population weight loss intervention. Already, its users spend more time on the game than on other wildly popular mainstream social media platforms like Facebook, Snapchat and Twitter. Over the space of a few weeks, it has prompted millions of children and teens to get off the couch, turn off Netflix, leave the laptop in their bedroom, and walk out into the world to breath the fresh air. More than a few adults have done the same.
Healthcare should pay attention. While healthcare researchers are slowly coming to grips with ‘new’ ideas like gamification and social media to defeat obesity, the game industry has jumped the queue and may have already done it. Silicon valley has drawn down on its deep well of expertise in building large and complex software systems, and in embedding such systems into the real world. They have drawn on their deep experience with and understanding of the psychology of online social media, of what makes games ‘fun’, and what makes them ‘sticky’.
I doubt if Niantic, the Pokemon company, looked to randomized clinical trials to design and implement their system. The world of software moves too fast for that. It has an engineering culture of fail early, fail often. And because of that, it has as much right as scientists to claim that it is driven by experimentation and data, or as the philosopher Karl Popper would have said, conjecture and refutation.
For those who have not been drawn in to the world of Pokemon Go, it may be hard to understand what the fuss is all about. It is just another time-wasting, obsession inducing computer game. Yes it is interesting that it uses augmented reality and your physical location as part of the gameplay, but so what? People just walk around collecting different characters, oblivious to what is happening around them. The end result is a different kind of walking screen-time zombie, with the added risk of walking into the traffic or driving into a wall as you play the game.
There is another way to look at it. Firstly, irrespective of the game ‘medium’, the real world ‘message’ is that people are more than happy to exercise, and to engage with others in the real world, with the right motivation. For younger generations who have grown up in a world that is digitally augmented, the digital-social complex is the way to access their lives. Jogging with a fitbit is probably compelling for those who already run or are motivated to exercise. Pokemon GO does something more miraculous. It causes the Lazarus generation to rise up, and to move.
Pokemon GO makes walking the basic currency of the game. If you chance upon the eggs of Pokemon creatures, the only way to make them hatch is to walk a prescribed distance. Some eggs require 10k of nurturing before they crack. If you want to catch different Pokemon (and if you are a player, you #gottaacatchemall), then you will find spawning grounds in parks and open spaces. If you want to top up the items you need to catch Pokemon, then you have to walk from one Pokestop to another.
One of things that appears to make gambling ‘sticky’ is the uncertainty of reward. Each rare win reinforces the desire to keep trying for a bigger future reward. Pokemon GO has an interesting strategy of combining certainty in reward (eggs hatch after a defined distance is walked) with uncertainty (creatures appear unpredictably, and their behavior and value is unpredictable). As you progress in the game the rewards increase along with your status. Our brains are washed in an addictive dopamine broth with every reward, every step forward.
Pokemon GO also strives for social equity. When a creature appears in a given location, anyone who is there can see it and catch their copy of it. This means that there is real value in finding stronger players than yourself, because they will trigger the arrival of rarer creatures. These stronger players are also likely to have set lures to attract creatures, and the benefit of these lures is also socialized. Stronger players will have obtained their status by walking great distances, and so a sort of social modeling probably takes place influencing the behavior of newer players, further reinforcing the culture of movement.
The rest is here:
Another great discussion on this amazing game!
Enjoy!
David.

Thursday, August 18, 2016

The Macro View – Health And Political News Relevant To E-Health And Health In General.

August 18  Edition.
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A fortnight where we have all sorts of macro-economic news dominating little Australia with the central banks in the US, UK and Japan all adjusting policy of leaving things as they are for now.
Interest rates in Australia have dropped again and overseas we see ongoing issues with other economies. Zerohedge reports that the global money supply has risen to $89 Trillion from only 10% of that just 15 years ago.
The major themes this week have been the impotence of central banks and the need for Governments to actually start making some sensible decisions.
The most important issue that was flagged this week was the issue of social inequality and its impact on the nation’s finances and public confidence in Government.
COMMENT
  • August 13 2016 - 12:15AM

Income inequality to blame for voter dissent

·         Ross Gittins
The single best explanation for the rise of Mr Crazy, Donald Trump, is that over the four years to 2013, the real income of the top 1 per cent of American households rose by 17.4 per cent, while that of the bottom 99 per cent rose by 0.7 per cent, giving the top few 85 per cent of the growth.
Another country where the gap between high and low incomes has widened markedly is Britain. And what crazy thing have the Brit voters just gone and done? You remember.
I think it's a case of what physiotherapists call "referred pain" - what you feel in some part of your body is actually coming from a problem somewhere else.
Many voters are conscious that their income doesn't seem to be growing and know something's badly wrong. But they don't join the dots the way an economist would.
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Here are a few other things I have noticed.

General Budget Issues.

ANALYSIS
  • August 1 2016 - 5:30AM

Housing no impediment as Reserve Bank prepares to cut interest rates

Peter Martin
Apparent strong house price growth in Sydney and Melbourne is unlikely to dissuade the Reserve Bank from cutting interest rates on Tuesday, in part because it's not what it seems.
The CoreLogic home price index jumped 3.1 per cent in Sydney and 1.6 per cent in Melbourne after the Reserve Bank cut rates in May, and then a further 1.2 per cent and 0.8 per cent in June sparking fears that the Bank had ignited a new house price boom.
The jumps were inconsistent with other data showing that sales volumes and credit growth were weak.
Now Reserve Bank watchers believe they've cracked the puzzle. CoreLogic changed the way it calculated its indexes in May, adding to the apparent increases in cities whose prices had a history of rising quickly.
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  • August 1 2016 - 12:00AM

Apartment building to collapse 50 per cent says BIS Shrapnel

Peter Martin
Apartment building is set to to collapse 50 per cent over the next four years according to forecaster BIS Shrapnel, with only Sydney set to buck the trend.
Its Building in Australia 2016-2031 report says national dwelling commencements have already peaked and will begin to decline in the second half of this year.
"After recording strong growth during the past four years, we estimate that total dwelling starts reached an improbable 220,100 in 2015-16, an all-time high," said BIS Shrapnel associate director Kim Hawtrey.
"From this level, national activity is forecast to begin trending down over the following three years, with the high-flying apartments sector leading the way down."
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Morrison uses budget fairness argument

AAP – August 9 2016
Scott Morrison has stepped up the pressure to pass budget savings, saying every measure blocked by the new parliament will make it harder for families.
The federal treasurer is doing the rounds with new crossbench senators in a bid to get $40 billion in savings and revenue measures through parliament and return to surplus by mid-2021.
He has met with the Nick Xenophon Team and is due to hold talks with One Nation leader Pauline Hanson and her advisers in coming days.
"We need to all understand this - every time we don't pass a savings measure, that makes it harder and harder to retain our triple A credit rating, to ensure we don't see the further impacts of that flow-on to bank rates and other impacts on households," Mr Morrison told 2GB radio on Monday.
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RBA’s Glenn Stevens urges spending on infrastructure

  • The Australian
  • 12:00AM August 13, 2016

Paul Cleary

Outgoing Reserve Bank governor Glenn Stevens has called for a more “nuanced” debate about public sector debt in his last official speech this week, saying targeted investment in infrastructure by government could address the ineffectiveness of monetary policy.
At a time when monetary ­policy’s impact is waning, and speculation about the use of quantitative easing is emerging, Stevens wants to promote a third way that elevates the role of public sector investment as a driver of economic growth.
He tackled the popular debate about government debt by making three very important points that should prompt our political leaders to think more creatively about options for sustaining growth. First, he noted that households were three times more indebted than the public sector as a share of GDP, 125 per cent versus 40 per cent in gross terms, and this explained why cutting interest rates to record lows had become less effective in boosting growth.
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Time for a hard-nosed discussion on spending

  • The Australian
  • 12:00AM August 13, 2016

Alan Kohler

The shocking fiscal performance of the Australian government in 2013-14 is now coming home to roost.
As the world wakes up to the failure of monetary policy to stimulate economic growth and inflation, and attention moves to the need for fiscal policy to take over, Australia is in no position to do it — because of what happened in that year.
In 2012-13, the last year of the Labor government, the deficit increased from $18.8 billion to $48.8bn.
That was then compounded by the failure of the new Coalition government to do enough to repair it in 2014 — not because prime minister Tony Abbott and treasurer Joe Hockey didn’t want to, but because they sprung the solution on an unsuspecting public and the parliament and mucked up the politics so badly that they were both sacked.
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  • August 13 2016 - 5:00PM

No time like the present to up the public borrowing rate

Mark Kenny
Remember when they started telling you about "good" cholesterol? It took a bit of getting used to.
Dire warnings about stroke, heart attack and peripheral artery disease meant the switch to embracing a new form of cholesterol was barely credible.
Such had been the take-out from "cholesterol equals an early death," that some people had immediately given away butter and eggs altogether.
Could debt be the same? Could there be good debt as well as the more common bad variety?
Does debt have to be like plaque building up in our economic arteries, lumbering future generations with unconscionable liabilities, and narrowing their opportunities? 
There's no doubt Australians had been led to this simple conclusion and if any missed it, Tony Abbott came along to make it explicit: Debt and deficit equalled disaster.
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Health Budget Issues.

  • August 4 2016

Medical costs forcing Australians to skip healthcare

Rania Spooner
Australians are paying five times more than Britons for medical care, causing many people with chronic health conditions to forgo treatment because it's too expensive.
Nearly half of Australians living with depression, anxiety and other mental health conditions have skipped medication or therapy because of cost, according to a study by James Cook University and the NSW Bureau of Health Information.
As had more than 30 per cent of those with asthma and emphysema, 27 per cent of those with diabetes, 25 per cent with arthritis and 20 per cent of cancer patients, according to the study recently published in the Australian Journal of Primary Health.
Asthmatic Stephanie Horan, 27, was clinically dead for 12 minutes after she stopped her medication for social reasons and suffered a near-catastrophic asthma attack as a teenager.
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One in five patients skip care because of costs

Paul Smith | 8 August, 2016 | 
More than one-fifth of patients with chronic conditions say they skip care because of the costs, Australian research has found.
As patients deal with the financial impact of the Medicare rebate freeze and looming increases to PBS fees, the struggle of those needing regular care has been revealed in a survey published in the Australian Journal of Primary Health.
One-quarter of patients with arthritis said they avoided care because of costs, a figure rising to 27% for those with diabetes and 44% for those with depression, anxiety or other mental health conditions.
The figures are based on a survey of 1988 adults by the Commonwealth Fund in 2013.
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  • August 1 2016 - 6:29PM

Australia's most common and expensive drugs revealed by PBS data

Kate Aubusson
They may be the most common drug in medicine cabinets across the country, but statins have been bumped from the top spot in the latest rankings of Australia's most costly drugs.
The cholesterol-lowering drugs used to help prevent heart attacks and stroke were the most prescribed and dispensed pharmaceutical in Australia, PBS data revealed. 
But the sheer volume of prescriptions for the relatively cheap medicine paled in comparison with the dizzying price tag of Adalimumab​; an anti-inflammatory biologic used to treat autoimmune conditions including rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease.
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Pharmacist diabetes health checks to be trialled

Paul Smith | 1 August, 2016 | 
Pharmacists will give diabetes health checks under a trial program being rolled out by the Federal Government.
In a major reform speech to pharmacist leaders last week, Health Minister Sussan Ley (pictured) said three separate pilot trials were being developed with $50 million in funding under the Sixth Community Pharmacy Agreement.
The first was diabetes health checks, the second was a trial designed to improve medication management for Indigenous patients and the third would look at improving patients' medication management after discharge from hospital.
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Govt urged to properly fund health reforms

- on August 1, 2016, 1:01 am
It's hailed as a turning point for the health system but doctors say it's being stymied by a lack of money from the federal government.
Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull unveiled Health Care Homes earlier this year to keep Australians with chronic disease out of hospital, labelling it one of the biggest reforms in the history of the health system.
The government is spending $21 million on a trial of the program next year, involving 65,000 patients at 200 medical practices.
But health experts and consumer advocates have teamed up to call for the program to be expanded and accelerated, insisting the existing system is disconnected.
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Cost of surgery cheaper in the US, says Medibank

Sarah-Jane Tasker

Australia’s largest private health insurer, Medibank, has warned that “market failure” in the ­nation’s healthcare system is fuelling an increase in costs, making some surgical proced­ures more expensive here than in the US and Europe.
“The increase in prices cannot be explained by increasing complexity of procedures alone when the cost of a procedure in Australia is more expensive than in other comparable countries,” Andrew Wilson, Medibank’s executive general manager, told The Australian.
Mr Wilson pointed to a study which found cataract surgery in Australia in 2013 was more ­expensive than in the US and twice as costly as in Europe.
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Visa plan to stop foreign doctor influx

  • The Australian
  • 12:00AM August 9, 2016

Sean Parnell

Overseas-trained medical practitioners would no longer be ­granted visas to work in Australia, under a contentious proposal from the Health Department that heralds the end of the ­nation’s shortage of locally trained ­doctors.
With thousands of foreign doctors currently in the system, and an increasing number of local graduates, the department has ­secretly argued that Australian-trained doctors will struggle to find jobs if the immigration pathways are not closed.
The department wants 41 health roles — including general practitioners, resident medical ­officers, surgeons and anaesthetists — to be removed from the Skilled Occupations List in the hope that Australian doctors will fill areas of need, particularly in remote areas. While its recommendations were not accepted by the Turnbull government in visa changes made before the election, they will be revisited within months and Health Minister Sussan Ley has foreshadowed broader workforce reforms next year.
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Visa list ignores Health’s job plan

  • The Australian
  • 12:00AM August 10, 2016

Sean Parnell

The Turnbull government is split over the Health Department’s call for foreign-trained medical professionals to no longer be fast-tracked into jobs that could be filled by Australian graduates.
The Australian yesterday revealed the department had recommended the commonwealth “remove all medical occupations” from the Skilled Occupation List for 2016-17, nominating 41 jobs ­including GPs, resident medical officers and ­anaesthetists.
The move is an acknowledgment by policymakers that local graduates may struggle to find training places and jobs if the immigration pathway remains open.
Yet 28 of the 41 occupations have not even been flagged by ­immigration officials for future review.
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Health Insurance Issues.

Health ‘warning’ for doctors

  • The Australian
  • 12:00AM August 9, 2016

Sarah-Jane Tasker

A leading US chief medical officer has warned Australian doctors it is only a matter of time before health insurers accelerate the “never events” for which they refuse to pay.
Peter Edelstein, chief medical officer at the world’s largest science information company, Elsevier, said Australian doctors should avoid what their counterparts in the US did, which he said was bury their heads in the sand and hope the issue went away.
“If that happens, then the insurers make all the decisions about what gets paid for what, which is not the best for patients,” he said.
“Physicians have a fantasy they are in control, but when we’re talking about this much money, they are not in control any more.
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Medical Home Issues.

Health care homes: What's the cost?

1 August 2016
IT'S hailed as a turning point for the health system but doctors say it's being stymied by a lack of money from the federal government.
Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull unveiled Health Care Homes earlier this year to keep Australians with chronic disease out of hospital, labelling it one of the biggest reforms in the history of the health system.
The government is spending $21 million on a trial of the program next year, involving 65,000 patients at 200 medical practices.
But health experts and consumer advocates have teamed up to call for the program to be expanded and accelerated, insisting the existing system is disconnected.

See also this link for a new report on this initiative:

http://www.medicalrepublic.com.au/call-clearer-vision-medical-homes/ 
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Pharmacy Issues.

Is there a pharmacy wage crisis?

PSA16’s panel discussion on improving pharmacists’ remuneration acknowledged widespread concerns in the industry

Employees are worried about pharmacist wages, said PSA CEO Dr Lance Emerson in opening the panel discussion at the conference on Saturday 30 July.
“It’s the single largest issue facing the profession in community pharmacy,” he said.
“We hear your concerns about low income and wages. The PSA is actively working with others to look at that, but we’re also looking at diversifying with evidence-based roles.”
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Superannuation Issues.

How the Senate can fix the superannuation mess

  • The Australian
  • 10:48AM August 9, 2016

Robert Gottliebsen

The government needs help on superannuation. It is now clear it rushed into badly thought out superannuation changes on advice from Treasury.
Treasury for years has deliberately issued false statements about the cost of superannuation to the Australian nation and, unfortunately, has no credibility in giving advice on this subject. (Treasury’s hoax is tormenting the super debate, March 9 2015)
A more experienced Treasurer would have known this but Scott Morrison got caught. It’s now up to the Senate to get both Morrison and the country out of the mess that has been created. At this stage, I am not going to tell the Senate what to do in detail but let’s set up a few guidelines.
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Superannuation reform: no saving grace in this stuff-up

  • The Australian
  • 12:00AM August 9, 2016

Judith Sloan

The superannuation package Scott Morrison announced in this year’s budget is turning into a complete shemozzle.
The Liberal Party’s membership is in revolt — that is, among those members who haven’t already resigned.
There is a widespread sense of betrayal. There are also some specific criticisms about the package: it’s over-engineered, unworkable, unfair and the figures are wrong.
The real reason Malcolm Turnbull knocked back Kevin Rudd had nothing to do with Rudd’s poor interpersonal skills but rather Turnbull’s realisation that his party base would go into complete meltdown had he supported the former prime minister’s candidacy for the position of UN secretary-general.
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Time for bipartisanship on super

12 August 2016Mike Taylor
Mike Taylor writes that the major parties need to understand that notwithstanding the delicate make-up of the Senate, it is time to end the uncertainty around superannuation.'
It may have been only at the margin, but three months after tabling the Federal Budget in the Parliament, and a few days after confirmation of the make-up of the Senate, the Treasurer, Scott Morrison, began signalling the Government's preparedness to concede changes to its Budget super settings.
Speaking on commercial radio early last week, Morrison said while the proposed $500,000 lifetime cap on top-up contributions out of post-tax income would remain, he was prepared to write in exemptions for people experiencing "major life events".
In doing so, he cited pay-out as a result of an accident or similar as monies which would be exempted from the $500,000 cap.
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I look forward to comments on all this!
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David.

This Is A Great Anniversary - I Am Amazed It Has Taken So Little Time To Get So Far!

This appeared late last week.

#FHIR is 5 years old today

Posted on August 11, 2016 by Grahame Grieve

Unofficial FHIR project historian Rene Sponk has pointed out that it’s exactly 5 years to the day since I posted the very first draft of what became FHIR:

Five years, on August 18th 2011 to be precise, Grahame Grieve published the initial version of FHIR (known as RFH at the time) on his website. The date of the initial version was August 11th – which is the reason for this post today. Congratulations to all involved for helping to create a success – FHIR has gained a lot of interest over the past few years, and a normative version will be published in the near future.

Wow. 5 years! Who would have thought that we’d end up where we are? I really didn’t expect much at all when I first posted RfH back then:

What now? I’m interested in commentary on the proposal. If there’s enough interest, I’ll setup a wiki. Please read RFH, and think about whether it’s a good idea or not

Well, there was enough interest, that’s for sure.

And it’s rather a coincidence, then, that on the 5th anniversary of the first posting, I’ve just posted the ballot version for the STU 3 ballot. This version is the culmination of a lot of work. A lot of work by a lot of people. Lloyd Mckenzie and I have been maintaining a list of contributers, but so many people have contributed the specification process now that I don’t know if we’re going to be keep even a semblance of meaningfulness for that page. I’ll post a link to that version soon, with some more information about it

p.s. Alert readers will note that the blog post announcing RfH was dated Aug 18th – but it was first posted August 11th.

Here is the link:

http://www.healthintersections.com.au/?p=2543

This is really lightning progress in a really complicated area. Well done to all!

David.

Wednesday, August 17, 2016

I Hope Some Serious Experts Have Examined These Plans Carefully. It Is Important They Do!

This appeared a little while ago:

Linkable de-identified 10% sample of Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) and Pharmaceutical Benefits Schedule (PBS)

This data is a collection of the current and historical use of Medicare and PBS services. This data release contains approximately 1 billion lines of data relating to approximately 3 million Australians. The data sets have been designed to enable other datasets to be linked in the future, for example hospital data, immunisation data. The addition of these data sets will greatly increase the amount of data and open new areas of analysis.
A suite of confidentiality measures including encryption, perturbation and exclusion of rare events has been applied to safeguard personal health information and ensure that patients and providers cannot be re-identified.

Confidentialisation Methodology

All Medicare and PBS claims for a random 10% sample of patients are included in the release. To be clear, it is a 10% sample of patients, not a 10% sample of Medicare or PBS claiming activity for the selected patients. Although the data held by the Department does not contain identifiers such as individual patient names, a number of steps have been taken to further protect the confidentiality of the released data.

ID number encryption

  • Patient ID Numbers (PIN) are encrypted using the original PIN as the seed.
  • Provider ID numbers are encrypted using the original ID number as the seed.

Data adjustments

  • Only the patient’s year of birth is given, not the date of birth.
  • Date of service and date of supply are randomly perturbed to ±14 days of the true date.
  • Geographic aggregation:
Provider State is derived by the Department of Health by mapping the provider's postcode to State. The states are then collapsed to ACT and NSW, Victoria and Tasmania, NT and SA, QLD, and WA. This is not the Servicing Provider State which is supplied from the Department of Human Services.
  • Rate event exclusion: Medicare and PBS items with extremely low service volumes have been removed.
Here is the page:
There has been a lot of discussion of re-identification of individual data from providing access to data sets like this:
Here is a useful link which discusses some of the issues:

The Debate Over ‘Re-Identification’ Of Health Information: What Do We Risk?

August 10, 2012
Dateline: May 18, 1996 – The collapse and attack. Massachusetts Governor William Weld wasn’t feeling well under his commencement cap and gown. He was about to receive an honorary doctorate from Bentley College and give their keynote graduation address. But, unbeknownst to him, he would instead make a critical contribution to the privacy of our health information. As he stepped forward to the podium, it wasn’t what Weld said that now protects your health privacy, but rather what he did: He teetered and collapsed unconscious before a shocked audience.
Weld recovered quickly and the incident might have passed quietly but for an MIT graduate student. Latanya Sweeney’s studies had brought to her attention hospital data released to researchers by the Massachusetts Group Insurance Commission (GIC) for the purpose of improving healthcare and controlling costs. Federal Trade Commission Senior Privacy Adviser Paul Ohm provides a gripping account of Sweeney’s now famous re-identification of Weld’s hospitalization data using voter list information in his 2010 paper “Broken Promises of Privacy.”
It would be difficult to overstate the influence of the Weld voter list attack on health privacy policy in the United States – it had a direct impact on the development of the de-identification provisions in the HIPAA Privacy rule. However, careful examination of the demographics in Cambridge, MA at the time of the re-identification attempt indicates that Weld was most likely re-identifiable only because he was a public figure who experienced a highly publicized hospitalization rather than there being any actual certainty about the accuracy of his attempted re-identification using the Cambridge voter data.
The Cambridge population was nearly 100,000 and the voter list contained only 54,000 of these residents, so the voter linkage could not provide sufficient evidence to allege any definitive re-identification. Because the logic underlying re-identification depends critically on being able to demonstrate that a person within a health data set is the only person in the larger population who has a set of combined “quasi-identifier” characteristics that could potentially re-identify them, re-identification attempts face a strong challenge in being able to create a complete and accurate population register. Furthermore, the same methodological flaws that undermined the certainty of the Weld re-identification continue to create far-reaching systemic challenges for all re-identification attempts – a fact which must be understood by public policy-makers seeking to realistically assess current privacy risks posed by HIPAA de-identified data. (The full details of these technical issues for re-identification risk assessment are available in a more lengthy review.)
With the benefit of hindsight, it is apparent that the Weld/Cambridge re-identification has served as an important illustration of privacy risks that were not adequately controlled prior to the 2003 HIPAA Privacy Rule. Still, a broader policy debate continues to rage between some voices, like Ohm, alleging that computer scientists can re-identify individuals hidden in anonymized data with “astonishing ease,” and others who view de-identified data as an essential foundation for a host of envisioned advances under healthcare reform.
Nowhere is this tension more evident within the health policy arena than in the recent proposal by the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) for standards, services, and policies enabling secure health information exchange over the Internet to support the Nationwide Health Information Network (NwHIN). Motivated by concern that perceived re-identification risks could “undermine trust”, ONC proposes that de-identified health information could not be used or disclosed for any commercial purpose, a policy which would be certain to unleash a Pandora’s box of unintended consequences. Yet ONC also broadcasts their skepticism regarding purported re-identification risks by noting that they have been “somewhat exaggerated”.
Because a vast array of healthcare improvements and medical research critically depend on de-identified health information, the essential public policy challenge then is to accurately assess the current state of privacy protections for de-identified data, and properly balance both risks and benefits to maximum effect.
Lots more here:
The steps taken to protect the individual identities seem reasonable to the non-expert but with such a large data set one wonders just what statistical tricks might be possible to re-identify some data.
I would like to hear some expert views on what risk(s) are being run here.
David.